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Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1997;77:F47-F51 ( July )

Long term hepatitis B vaccine in infants born to hepatitis B e antigen positive mothers

Yong Poovorawan,a Suvimol Sanpavat,b Saowani Chumdermpadetsuk,b Assad Safaryc

a Viral Hepatitis Research Unit Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, b Department of Paediatrics, c SmithKline Beecham Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium

Correspondence to: Dr Y Poovorawan, Viral Hepatitis Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.

Accepted 20 February 1997

Neonates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive and hepatitis B encoded antigen (HBeAg) positive mothers received 10 µg of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine at months 0, 1, 6, or 0, 1, 2, 12, with or without immunoglobulin at birth, and were followed up to the age of 8 years for HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs. Some were boosted at month 60. The overall vaccine protection at month 12 was 96.2%. No child became a chronic carrier beyond the age of 3 years, showing that this vaccine provides immediate protection against HBsAg carriage, and long term protection against fetally acquired HBsAg. After month 60 hepatitis B serological markers without disease, indicating re-exposure to HBV, reappeared in comparable numbers among boosted and non-boosted children (5 for a total of 167 children).
  This vaccine provides long term protection against hepatitis B chronic carriage and infection in high risk neonates with or without a month 60 booster. A booster at the age of 5-6 years or 11-12 years would reduce HBV infection, viral circulation and transmission, while ensuring long term antibody persistence.

Keywords: hepatitis B vaccine; transmission; boosters; long term efficacy

© 1997 by Archives of Disease in Childhood


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C. Lee, Y. Gong, J. Brok, E. H Boxall, and C. Gluud
Effect of hepatitis B immunisation in newborn infants of mothers positive for hepatitis B surface antigen: systematic review and meta-analysis
BMJ, February 11, 2006; 332(7537): 328 - 336.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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