Nebulisation of surfactants in an animal model of neonatal respiratory distress
a Department of Paediatrics, b Department
of Medicine, c Department of Nuclear Medicine
McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Correspondence to: Dr H Kirpalani Department of Paediatrics McMaster University 1200 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5.
Accepted 20 August 1997
AIMS
To evaluate pulmonary deposition and gas
exchange following nebulisation of two surfactants by either a jet or
an ultrasonic nebuliser.
METHODAfter bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), 19 rabbits were ventilated in four groups. Group A1 (n=5) and A2 (n=6)
received Technetium-99m labelled Exosurf, and groups B1 (n=4) and B2
(n=4) received radiolabelled Survanta. Groups A1 and B1 received jet
nebuliser therapy, whereas groups A2 and B2 received ultrasonic
nebuliser. Pulmonary deposition, distribution, and blood gases were determined.
RESULTSPulmonary deposition as per cent of
initial dose and mg lipid) was 0.28(0.10)% or 0.59(0.21) mg in group
A1, 1.05(0.23)% or 2.21(0.48) mg in group A2, 0.08(0.02)% or
0.30(0.08) mg in group B1, and 0.09(0.02)% or 0.34(0.08) mg in group
B2. Deposition in group A2 was greater than in other groups (p= 0.001).
Group A2 showed a small improvement in blood gases.
CONCLUSIONSEven the highest
depositionultrasonic
nebuliser
witosurfachieved limited clinical
effect. The aerosol route is currently not effective for surfactant treatment.
© 1998 by Archives of Disease in Childhood
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