Neurodevelopmental outcome at early school age of children born to mothers with gestational diabetes
A Ornoya, A Wolfa, N Ratzona, C Greenbaumb, M Dulitzkyc
a Laboratory of
Teratology Department of Anatomy and Cell
Biology Hebrew University Hadassah Medical
School Israel, b Department of Psychology, c Sheba Medical Center
Tel Aviv University
Israel
Correspondence to: Dr Asher Ornoy.
Accepted 1 February
1999
AIMS
To study the
metabolic derangements in the second half of pregnancy caused by
gestational diabetes, on the long term development of children.
METHODSThe
neuropsychological function of 32 school age children born to 32 mothers with well controlled gestational diabetes and 57 control
children matched by age, birth order, and parental socioeconomic status
was studied.
RESULTSThere were no
differences in head circumference and height, but the children born to
diabetic mothers were heavier. The verbal IQ scores of index children
below the age of 9 years were lower than those of control children. No
differences were found between the groups in various sensory and motor
functions and in the Touwen and Prechtl neurological test. The young
index group children performed less well than controls in fine and
gross motor functions, as observed on the Bruininks-Oseretzky test of
motor proficiency. The scores of young children born to mothers with
gestational diabetes were also lower than controls on the Pollack
tapper test, and there were more index group children who scored
abnormally on the parents' Conners questionnaire.
No correlation was found between the performance of the index
group children on various neurodevelopmental tests and the severity of
perinatal complications. The differences tended to disappear with age.
CONCLUSIONSGestational
diabetes, as a result of the metabolic abnormalities in the second half
of pregnancy, induces long term minor neurological deficits which are
more pronounced in younger children. There does not seem to be any
direct relation between the appearance of congenital anomalies and
neurodevelopmental outcome.
Keywords: gestational diabetes; pregnancy; IQ; neurological functions
© 1999 by Archives of Disease in Childhood
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