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Effects of vitamin E supplementation during erythropoietin treatment of the anaemia of prematurity

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
² Department of Pathology , Albert Einstein College of Medicine
³ Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr P Roth, Director of Neonatology, Staten Island University Hospital – 4E, 475 Seaview Avenue, Staten Island, NY 10305, USA;
proth{at}siuh.edu

Aims: To evaluate the effects of vitamin E supplementation on haemoglobin concentration and the requirement for transfusion in premature infants treated with erythropoietin and iron.

Methods: Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. Thirty infants ≤32 weeks gestation and ≤1250 g birth weight, who were defined as stable based on minimal requirements for respiratory support and phlebotomy, and absence of major congenital anomalies were enrolled. All were treated with erythropoietin and iron, and were randomised to receive, in addition, either vitamin E 50 IU/day or placebo for eight weeks or until discharge, whichever came first.

Results: Despite higher vitamin E (-tocopherol) levels in the experimental group in weeks 3 (49.0 v 28.1 µmol/l) and 8 (66.2 v 38.5 µmol/l), there were no differences in haemoglobin, reticulocyte count, iron concentration, or transfusion requirement.

Conclusions: Oral vitamin E supplementation at 50 IU/day does not increase the response of preterm infants to erythropoietin and iron. Vitamin E obtained through standard nutrition may have been sufficient or higher doses may be required.

Keywords: anaemia of prematurity; erythropoietin; vitamin E