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Published Online First: 27 July 2005. doi:10.1136/adc.2003.045807
Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 2006;91:F36-F39
Copyright © 2006 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

NF-{kappa}B in tracheal lavage fluid from intubated premature infants: association with inflammation, oxygen, and outcome

A Bourbia, M A Cruz and H J Rozycki

Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0276, USA

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr Rozycki
Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0276, USA; hrozycki{at}hsc.vcu.edu

Objectives: To determine if tracheal lavage concentrations of the transcription factor NF-{kappa}B, which is activated by risk factors associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and induces expression of cytokines associated with BPD, is related to BPD in premature infants.

Design: Serial tracheal lavage samples from intubated premature infants were analysed for cell count and concentrations of interleukin (IL)8 and NF-{kappa}B, corrected for dilution by secretory component concentrations.

Setting: Level III university hospital neonatal intensive care unit.

Patients: Thirty three intubated infants (mean (SD) birth weight 903 (258) g, median gestation 27 weeks (range 24–31)) in the first 14 days of life.

Main outcome measures: Tracheal effluent NF-{kappa}B, IL8, and cell counts, corrected for dilution by secretory component measurement.

Results: Square root transformed NF-{kappa}B concentrations were significantly related to signs of inflammation (cell count, p = 0.002; IL8, p = 0.019) and to simultaneous fraction of inspired oxygen in samples from the first 3 days of life (r = 0.512, p<0.003). Of the 32 subjects with samples in the first 3 days of life, the half who either died or had BPD had higher NF-{kappa}B concentrations than those without BPD (square root concentration 0.097 (0.043) v 0.062 (0.036) µg/µg protein/µg secretory component, p = 0.018).

Conclusions: Tracheobronchial lavage NF-{kappa}B concentrations are related to lung inflammation, oxygen exposure, and pulmonary outcome in intubated preterm infants. NF-{kappa}B activation may be an early critical step leading to BPD.

Abbreviations: BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; FIO2, fraction of inspired oxygen; IL, interleukin; NF-{kappa}B, nuclear factor-kappa B; SC, secretory component

Keywords: bronchopulmonary dysplasia; lung injury; respiratory distress syndrome; cytokines


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This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Chauhan, M, Bombell, S, McGuire, W (2009). Tumour necrosis factor (-308A) polymorphism in very preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a meta-analysis. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 94: F257-F259 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bhandari, A., Bhandari, V. (2009). Pitfalls, Problems, and Progress in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Pediatrics 123: 1562-1573 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wright, C. J., Zhuang, T., La, P., Yang, G., Dennery, P. A. (2009). Hyperoxia-induced NF-{kappa}B activation occurs via a maturationally sensitive atypical pathway. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 296: L296-L306 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Yoder, B. A., Albertine, K. H. (2008). Inflammation and Lung Disease in the Neonatal Period. NeoReviews 9: e447-e457 [Abstract] [Full Text]  

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