The value of the postnatal examination in improving child health

Abstract

Here we have reviewed the evidence that a standardised examination in the newborn period can improve infant health. We have considered aspects of delivering such a service from timing and number of examinations through to who should perform examinations, and if evidence supports current practice. Patients at higher risk of anomaly such as those born preterm are highlighted.

We have reviewed aspects of the examination itself, such as detection of congenital heart disease, and the relatively poor detection rate which does not appear to be improving. Potential additive advantages of additional screening with pulse oximetry are covered.

Additionally we have covered screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip which the Uk national screening council is unsure of the benefit of, the difficulties of detecting all cases of cleft palate and problems with screening for the very important congenital catarract. We have paid attention to the relative rarity of some conditions and reflected on how this complicates screening