Studies on probiotics for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) show a risk reduction across all studies from 6.6% (165/2493) in the untreated to 2.5% (62/2433) in the treated patients.1 However, modest limitations in all studies, for example, uncharacteristically high-baseline rate of NEC2- warrant cautious risk–benefit consideration. This ambivalence is reflected by the current European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition guidelines,3 not officially recommending their use whereas a recent cochrane review4 suggests a change in practice. Monochorial-diamnial monocygotic twin pregnancy was diagnosed at 7 weeks gestational age (GA). Fetofetal transfusion syndrome was successfully treated with intrauterine laser ablation therapy at 16 weeks GA. At 27/5 weeks, caesarean section was performed due to premature rupture of membranes and uncontrollable labour. The index patient was born as the second twin weighing 600 g. Adaptation was uncomplicated; she received one dose of surfactant...]]>